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The proportion of older people in the population has increased along with the development of modern science and medicine.
The phenomena of old age has been studied by sociologists, demographers, home-economists and psychologists.
The care of older persons is an essential aspect of professional nursing just as the treatment of older people is an important aspect of medicive.
Comprehensive nursing care should be planned throughout the process of aging and in relation to illness prevalent in old age.
This study was undertaken to determine the physical, psychological, social and economic problem of the elderly. The purpose was to contribute to the improvement of nursing care toward promoting the health of older persons.
The random sample of 300 persons included 108 men and 192 women 65 years and over, living in the city of Daejon. The study was carried out from July 1, to August 15, 1975, using an interview schedule developed and pretested by the investigator.
Analytical methods included factor analysis and correlation.
1. Men stated that the factors, primarily influencing their lives were problems related to respiratory and circulatory functions. These factors correlated to disturbances of digestion and of mobility and sensory functions.
The next most frequently cited f actors were memory loss and dissalisfaction, which correlated to lonliness, sadness, anxiety and discontent. The next most frequently cited factors were those economics and leisure time, which were correlated to home life. Women stated that the factors primarily influencing their lives were problems related to economics and leisure time, both correlated to home life. The next most frequently cited factors was stability which were correlated to social life and negatively correlated to lonliness, sadness and disturbance of memory.
The next most frequently cited factors were those of digestion and appearance, which were correlated to disturbances of respiration, mobility and sensory functions.
2. Factors highly correlated for men were economics and leisure (r=0.49, p <05), meaning-lessness and the fear of death(r=0.49, P<05), and economics and family life(r=0.47, P<05).
Correlated factors for women were disturbances of 1¡¤espiratory and circulatory functory (r=0.55, P<55, P<05), economics and family life(r=0.51, P<05), lonliness and sadness, and anxiety and discontent (r =0,49, p <05 .
3. Prioritics for nursing care for this sample were needs related to socioeconomic, psychological and physiological problems.
In the social economic aspect with 72 points the average score of old men is 32.75(45.5%), that of old women is (27.87(38.7)%), in the physical aspect with 84, oldmen is 61.53(73.3%), old Women is 56.72(67.5%), and in the psychological aspect with 96 points, old men is 64.1(66.8%), old women is 61.78(64.4%).
4. Sociocconomical needs, physical needs and psychological needs were analyzed for significant differences between sex, age, education, religion, residence, the existence of a spouse, Present occupation, past occupation, participation in old age groups, family size, the member of children, and daily pocketmoney.
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